Daonil 5 mg (Glibenclamide )

Description

Daonil 5mg

Daonil is used to control blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This type of diabetes is also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) or maturity onset diabetes.

Daonil tablets 5mg contain the active ingredient glibenclamide, an oral antihyperglycaemic used to lower blood sugar levels.

Daonil is used in conjunction with diet control and exercise to control blood sugar.

Daonil can be used alone, or in combination with insulin or other anti-diabetes medicines.

Diabetes increases the risk of serious health complications, including diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina in the eye with loss of vision), diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) and diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage). Maintaining glycaemic control with Daonil tablets 5mg reduces the risk of developing these vascular complications.

Mechanism of action

Daonil lowers high blood glucose by increasing the amount of insulin released by your pancreas.Daonil belongs to a group of medicines called sulphonylureas.Glibenclamide in Daonil tablets 5mg controls blood glucose (sugar) primarily by acting directly on the beta cells, which are the insulin-producing cells of pancreatic islet tissue, to increase their sensitivity to glucose and to stimulate the cells to produce and release more insulin. Insulin is normally produced in response to food and increased blood glucose levels and it controls postprandial (after eating) blood glucose levels (glycaemic control). In diabetes, resistance to insulin results in loss of glycaemic control. Glibenclamide in Daonil tablets 5mg helps the body to produce sufficient insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels after a meal as well as between meals and is effective for up to 24 hours. It is thought that as well as acting as an insulin stimulantglibenclamide in Daonil tablets 5mg also acts on insulin-responsive cells in the liver, muscle and fat cells to increase the number of receptors, which means that insulin control of glucose production by the liver and uptake of insulin into peripheral tissues for energy and storage, is more efficient.

How to take the drug

You should take your Daonil tablets 5mg swallowed whole with a glass of water just before breakfast of if you only have a light breakfast, then take your Daonil tablets just before your midday meal. It is important that you do not skip a meal while taking Daonil tablets 5mg. The dose you take depends on how well you respond and your doctor may increase your dose until your blood glucose has reached normal levels and remains controlled. You should continue to take your Daonil tablets 5mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, as they with help maintain your blood sugar levels but will not cure your diabetes.

f you miss a dose of Daonil tablets 5mg take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.

Side effects

The most commonly reported side effects when taking Daonil tablets 5mg include:

• gastrointestinal complaints like nausea, diarrhoea, constipation and stomach or abdominal pain;
• allergic skin reactions like, redness (erythema), itching (pruritus), hives (urticaria);
• dizziness,
• drowsiness,
•  headache,
• visual disturbances,
• confusion,
• malaise and tremor, which are usually transient and may be signs of hypoglycaemia.

A more serious side effect of taking Daonil tablets 5mg is severe hypoglycaemia (very low blood glucose), as glibenclamide continues to work between meals to reduce blood sugar levels, so it is important to eat regularly; also certain other conditions like liver or kidney problems, or taking other medications like beta blockers, can make you more susceptible to hypoglycaemia. Other symptoms of hypoglycaemia include headache, hunger, restlessness, loss of consciousness, which can result in coma.

Precautions and Warnings

Do not take Daonil if:

You have an allergy to:

Daonil or related medicines (such as sulphur antibiotics or sulphonylureas)

any of the ingredients listed at the end of this leaflet

Symptoms of an allergic reaction to this medicine may include itching or rash.

If you are not sure if you have or have had an allergic reaction to Daonil check with your doctor.

You have any of the following conditions:

type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, also known as IDDM, or juvenile or growth onset diabetes)

unstable diabetes

diabetic ketoacidosis

diabetic coma or pre-coma

severe kidney disease

severe liver disease

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency

If you are not sure if you have any of the above, ask your doctor.

You are pregnant or intend to become pregnant.

Insulin is more suitable for controlling blood sugar during pregnancy. Your doctor will replace Daonil with insulin while you are pregnant.

You are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed.

It is not known if Daonil passes into breast milk. Daonil should not be taken while you are breastfeeding

Drug interaction

Several medications interact with Daonil and should either not be taken while you are taking Daonil or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:

• Drugs that affect Daonil and cause hypoglaemia (low blood sugar) by increasing its glucose-lowering effect: the antifungals miconazole and fluconazole, non steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID) like phenylbutazone, salicylate analgesics like aspirin, beta-blockers like propranolol for high blood pressure and certain heart conditions, ACE Inhibitors like benezapril for high blood pressure, cimetidine for peptic ulcers, monoamine oxidase inhibitors for depression, probenecid for gout, the anticoagulant warfarin, the antibiotic chloramphenicol, sulphonamide antibiotics, bronchodilators like salbutamol, clonidine for high blood pressure
• Drugs that affect Daonil and cause hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar) by reducing its glucose-lowering effect: Danazol for hormone treatment, the antipsychotic chlorpromazine, corticosteroids for inflammation, bronchodilators like salbutamol, thiazides and other diuretics, thyroid hormones, oestrogens and progestogens for oral contraceptives and HRT, phenytoin for epilepsy, nicotinic acid for high cholesterol, calcium channel blocking drugs like verapamil for angina, isoniazid for tuberculosis, clonidine for high blood pressure.

Storage

You should store your Daonil tablets 5mg below 25°C in a cool dry place.